• Cast Iron

    The austenitic gray iron castings are primarily used for their resistance to heat, corrosion, and wear. Austenitic gray iron is characterized by uniformly distributed graphite flakes and some carbide. ... White heart is more corrosion-resistant than blackheart (2.9 to 24 s/m 2 vs 29–240 s/m 2) in seawater. Mechanical properties are weakened ...

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  • Effects of Mn content on austenite stability and mechanical …

    In this study, austenitic heat-resistant steel contains Fe, Cr, Ni, Mn, and other atoms, and the steel exhibits weak magnetism. Considering the spin polarization …

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  • Stainless Steel Characteristics

    Stainless steel is the name of a family of iron-based alloys known for their corrosion and heat resistance. One of the main characteristics of stainless steel is its minimum chromium content of 10.5%, which gives it its superior resistance to corrosion in comparison to other types of steels. ... popular series numbers are 200, 300, 400, 600 ...

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  • Stainless Steel Grades Chart PDF

    Austenitic: Improved corrosion resistance over 316. 317L is a variation of 317 suitable for heavy-gauge welding. Pulp and paper machinery, ink and dying processes, acetic acid distillation: 321: Austenitic: Titanium-stabilized. Aircraft, heat exchangers (up to intermediate temperatures) 400: Ferritic: Corrosion resistance comparable to 409 ...

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  • Thermophysical properties of stainless steels

    However, an excellent combination of strength, ductility and fracture resistance can be achieved in AM type 304L and 316L austenitic stainless steels by minimizing processing defects. It is also important to recognize that localized solidification processing during AIVI produces microstructures more analogous to weld microstructures than ...

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  • Duplex Stainless Steels: Properties, Fabrication and Applications

    This combination of properties can mean some compromise when compared with pure austenitic and pure ferritic grades. Duplex stainless steel are in most cases, tougher than ferritic stainless steel. Strengths of duplex stainless steels can in some cases be double that for austenitic stainless stee ls.. Whilst duplex s tainless steel a re …

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  • Stainless Steel vs Titanium Alloy – Comparison – Pros and …

    Melting point of ferritic stainless steel – Grade 430 steel is around 1450°C. Melting point of martensitic stainless steel – Grade 440C steel is around 1450°C. Melting point of Ti-6Al-4V – Grade 5 titanium alloy is around 1660°C. In general, melting is a phase change of a substance from the solid to the liquid phase.

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  • All About 440 Steel (Properties, Strength, and Uses)

    0.95-1.20% Carbon. All 440 steels are hardenable, meaning they gain additional strength via heat treatment, and they are considered a high carbon alloy steel. When strengthened using this process, 440 steels are the hardest of all the stainless steels, making them both abrasion-resistant as well as corrosion-resistant.

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  • A Modified HR3C Austenitic Heat-Resistant Steel for …

    many austenitic heat-resistant steels with excellent corrosion resistance and high-temperature mechanical properties have been developed for manufacture of superheaters, reheaters, and steam pipes. HR3C is a 25Cr-20Ni-type austenitic heat-resistant steel, which has been widely used as boiler tubes in 600 C-class USC power plants.

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  • Stainless Steels at High Temperatures

    European standard EN 10095 – Heat resist-ant steels and nickel alloys [6]. This stand-ard comprises 6 ferritic grades (see Table 1), 14 austenitic heat-resistant grades (Table 2) and 1 duplex heat-resistant grade (Table 3). With time and temperature, any metal can be expected to undergo changes in metal-lurgical structure. In stainless steel, the

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  • Design Guidelines for the Selection and Use of Stainless …

    advantages over the common austenitic stainless steels. The duplex grades are highly resistant to chloride stress corro-sion cracking, have excellent pitting and crevice …

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  • HIGH-TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS OF STAINLESS …

    General comparison of the hot-strength characteristics of austenitic, martensitic and ferritic stainless steels with those of low-carbon unalloyed steel and semi-austenitic …

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  • Alloy 309/309S Heat Resistant Stainless Steel Plate

    Alloy 309 (UNS S30900) is an austenitic stainless steel developed for use in high temperature corrosion resistance applications. The alloy resists oxidation up to 1900°F (1038°C) under non-cyclic conditions. Frequent thermal cycling reduces oxidation resistance to approximately 1850°F (1010°C). Because of its high chromium and low …

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  • Isothermal oxidation behavior of Nb-bearing austenitic cast …

    The oxidation behaviors of three austenitic cast steels with different morphologies of primary carbides at 950°C in air were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and focused ion beam/transmission electron microscopy. Their oxidation kinetics followed a logarithmic law, and the oxidation rate …

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  • Hot Corrosion Behavior of Fe–Cr–Ni-Based Austenitic Heat-Resistant …

    A Fe–25Cr–20Ni-based austenitic heat-resistant steel welding wire and base material were chosen as the experimental materials. The corresponding chemical compositions are given in Table 1.The diameter of the experimental welding wire is Φ1.2 mm.A butt joint was manufactured by multiple gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), and the …

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  • HIGH-TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS OF STAINLESS …

    steel, with the austenitic (300 Series) grades displaying considerably higher strengths than the martensitic or ferritic (400 Series) grades. The precipitation hardening grades show considerably higher hot strengths at lower temper-atures, but their strength advantage disappears quickly as they begin to overage.

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  • The Stainless Steel Family

    resistance and/or heat resistance and/or machineability). More detail on standards and grades is given below. Ferritic stainless steels (e.g. grades 1.4512 and 1.4016) consist of chromium (typically 12.5% or 17%) and iron. Ferritic stainless steels …

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  • Precipitation behavior of type 347H heat-resistant austenitic …

    The microstructural evolution of type 347H heat-resistant austenitic steel during long-term aging at 700–900 °C was investigated by using a transmission microscope, a scanning electron microscope, and electron energy spectrum technology.

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  • 304 vs 316 Stainless Steel: What is the Difference?

    304 vs. 316 Stainless Steel. Watch on. • Chromium – Increases tensile strength, hardness, hardenability, toughness resistance to wear and abrasion, resistance to corrosion and scaling at elevated temperatures. • Nickel - Increases strength and hardness without sacrificing ductility and toughness. But the addition of alloy elements …

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  • Stainless Steel 310, 310S, 310H Grade Data Sheet

    Heat resistant grades have poor agreement between different specification systems. Possible Alternative Grades Grade Why it might be chosen instead of 310, 310S, 310H 3CR12 Heat resistance is needed, but only to about 600°C. 304H Heat resistance is needed, but only to about 800°C. 321 Heat resistance is needed, but only to about 900°C.

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  • STAINLESS STEELS FOR MACHINING

    Austenitic stainless steels are those containing chromium, nickel and manganese or just chromium and nickel as the principal alloying elements. They are identified as AISI 200 series or 300 series types, respectively. The austenitic stainless steels can be hardened only by cold work-ing; heat treatment serves only to soften them.

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  • Precipitation behavior of type 347H heat-resistant austenitic steel

    The microstructural evolution of type 347H heat-resistant austenitic steel during long-term aging at 700–900 °C was investigated by using a transmission microscope, a scanning electron microscope, and electron energy spectrum technology. The microstructural examination showed the typical micrographs of MX carbonitrides and …

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  • Processing maps and microstructural evolution of the type …

    To study the thermal deformation behavior and microstructural evolution of the type 347H austenitic steel, compression experiments were conducted at the temperatures of 800–1100 °C with strain rates of 0.01–10 s−1. The activation energy and constitutive equation of the type 347H steel during thermal deformation process were …

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  • Properties and applications of Ni-resist and ductile Ni …

    Heat Resistance: Originally, because of good heat and oxidation resistance, the flake graphite Ni-Resist alloys were used at temperatures up to 700°C(1300°F). How- ... sufficient nickel to produce an austenitic structure which has unique and superior properties. The family is divided into two groups. These are the standard or flake graphite

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  • Types of Stainless Steel

    High temperature, scale resistant, for heat exchangers. 310. Austenitic. High temperature, scale resistant, for furnaces. 314. Austenitic. High resistance to scale, for radiant tubes. 316. Austenitic. Increased molybdenum for improved corrosion resistance in seawater. 316L. Austenitic. A low carbon version of 316 for improved post-weld ...

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  • (PDF) Research Progress on High-temperature Oxidation of Austenitic …

    HR3C steel (Fe-25Cr-20Ni-Nb-N) is a new type of austenitic heat-resistant steel which has been widely used for super-heater and re-heater tubes in the ultra supercritical pressure (USC) boiler.

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  • Stainless Steel Information Knowledge | 18-8

    Type 304 (18-8) is an austenitic steel possessing a minimum of 18% chromium and 8% nickel, combined with a maximum of 0.08% carbon. It is a nonmagnetic steel which cannot be hardened by heat treatment, but instead. must be cold worked to obtain higher tensile strengths. The 18% minimum chromium content provides corrosion and oxidation …

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  • Stainless Steels

    70% of commercially produced stainless steel are austenitic. The most common grade of austenitic stainless steel is 304 (1.4301). Globally, 304 accounts for more than 50% of stainless steel consumed. A common name for 304 stainless is 18/8. This name refers to the average composition, 18% chromium and 8% nickel.

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  • Heat-resistant Steel Castings and Their Heat Treatment

    Austenitic Heat-resistant Cast Steel. Austenitic heat-resistant cast steel contains more austenite-forming elements such as nickel, manganese, nitrogen, etc., at temperatures above 600°C, it has good high-temperature strength and structural stability, and good welding performance. Usually used as a heat-strength material that works above 600°C.

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  • Corrosion resistance levels in stainless steel

    Taking home the title of most resistant to corrosion is austenitic. This is related to the fact it has the highest chromium levels amongst the families. …

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  • Alloy 286 Data

    • High strength and corrosion resistant up to 704°C ... Its' chromium, nickel and molybdenum contents are similar to those of some austenitic stainless ... Specific Heat 419J/Kg-K (0.100 Btu/lb-°F) Magnetic Permeability …

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  • Technical Reference on Hydrogen Compatibility of …

    Warm-working type 304 stainless steel by HERF may improve resistance to hydrogen embrittlement [4], Figure 4.1.1. 4.2 Heat treatment Carbides form on grain boundaries in the temperature range 773!K to 1073!K in 300-series stainless steels. This temperature range should be avoided since carbide formation leads to

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  • 300 Series

    The 300 series consist of austenitic chromium-nickel alloys. Austentic contains a maximum of 0.15% carbon and a minimum of 16% chromium, and nickel is the important alloying element. This creates superior corrosion resistance and ease of fabrication. Austentic stainless steel has a wide range of mechanical properties and can withstand a wide ...

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  • Know the Differences Between 304 Stainless Steel vs 316

    Although the melting range of 304 is higher than 316, they both have good resistance to oxidization in intermittent service up to 870°C (1500℉) and in continuous service at 925°C (1697℉). 304 SS: Handles high heat well, but continuous use at 425-860 °C (797-1580 °F) may cause corrosion. 316 SS: Performs best in temperatures above …

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